ABSTRACT
Bacteria play an important role in human health and disease. Their biological functions are often related to the glycans attached to the protein surface. In recent years, the glycosylation modification of bacterial proteins has attracted increasingly widespread attention. With the continuous development of synthetic biology and the in-depth research on glycosylation modification systems, some modification systems have been applied in engineered bacteria to play the role of protein modification independently, making it possible to "customized glycoproteins" . This paper reviewed the current status of research on the basic components, types and pathways of bacterial protein glycosylation modification as well as the biological function and application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the genotypes of OXA-51-like carbepenemases in Aeinetobacter beumannii and its association with drug resistance. Methods The susceptibility of 174 Acinetobacter baumannii against ceftazidime, cefotriaxon, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were detected with disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for meropenem and imipenem were determined with an agar dilution method. VIM, IMP, OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-51 and OXA-58 β-lactamase genes were determined by PCR. DNA sequencing and genotyping were performed against OXA-51 positivestrains. Results All 174 isolates were negative by PCR for genes OXA-24, OXA-58, IMP and VIM. OXA-23 and OXA-51were amplified in 15.5% (27/174) and 72.4% (126/174) isolates, respectively. Therewere 15.5% (27/174) isolates producing OXA-51-like and OXA-23 carbapenemase simultaneously. Among126 OXA-51-like carbapenemase producing strains, 82.5% (104/126)were OXA-66 genotype, whereas theremaining 17.5% (22/126) strains belong to other genotype. Eight novel OXA-51-like Genotype were foundin this study. Conclusions OXA-66 were the primary genotype of OXA-51-like carbapenemases in A.baumannii. OXA-66 were related to low-level carbapenems resistance and may be associated with resistanceof other drugs. We found new OXA-51-like genotype in clinic isolates of A. baumannii in this study.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Peritonitis is the most important complication of CAPD, often leading to failure of the technique and recourse to hemodialysis. Staphylococci is the most common organism in bacterial peritonitis associated with CAPD. The importance of the skin as a source of peritonitis causing isolate is suggested. We investigated the importance of anterior nares, hands and catheter exit-site skin as a source of peritonitis in CAPD patients by comparing the plasmid analysis with the bacterial protein analysis. METHODS: Thirty patients were suffered by peritonitis which was caused by S. aureus were studied. At presentation with an episode of S. aureus peritonitis, peritoneal dialysates, anterior nares, hands and catheter exit-site skin cultures were obtained. Antibiotics-sensitivity tests was performed and antibiogram of S. aureus which was cultured from peritoneal dialysates was compared with that from the skin. The similar antibiogram was identified in sixteen patients. The isolates were typed by rapid plasmid screen analysis and by means of visual comparison of autoradiographs of 35S-methionine staphylococcal protein analysis. RESULTS: The same plasmid analysis pattern of S. aureus isolated from the skin as that from the peritoneal dialysate was observed in 7patients and bacterial protein analysis pattern in 3patients. In seven patients who had the same plasmid analysis patients, three patients had the same plasmid analysis pattern of S. aureus from peritoneal dialysate as that from anterior nares and four patients had the same plasmid analysis pattern as that from the isolates of the exit-site skin. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the epidemiological link between carriage of S. aureus and peritonitis in CAPD patients and clinical usefulness of plasmid analysis for the delineation of focus of infection.